A clinical study from the World Institute of Kimchi has reported evidence that kimchi may influence the human immune system by strengthening defence cells while preventing excessive immune reactions.
Researchers say this is the first study to examine the immunological effects of kimchi at the cellular level.
The study involved thirty-nine overweight adults divided into three groups. One group received a placebo, one consumed kimchi powder produced through natural fermentation, and the third consumed powder made using a starter culture.
After twelve weeks, participants provided blood samples for single-cell transcriptomic analysis, allowing the team to track changes in the gene expression of individual immune cells.
According to the researchers, the most significant changes were seen in antigen-presenting cells, which are responsible for identifying bacteria, viruses and other invaders. The team found that these cells showed stronger signalling activity in participants who consumed kimchi.
The authors said these findings suggest that kimchi may enhance immune defence while preventing unnecessary inflammation.
The study also compared fermentation methods. While both forms of kimchi powder were linked to improved immune balance, the starter-fermented version produced a stronger effect on antigen recognition and on the suppression of unneeded immune signals.
Dr Woo Jae Lee, who led the project, said “Our research has proven for the first time in the world that kimchi has two different simultaneous effects: activating defence cells and suppressing excessive response,” he said.
Centrist Ltd.